中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文•麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀 摄由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
在“健全全面从严治党体系”上下功夫****** 作者：冯舟 习近平总书记在二十届中央纪委二次全会上强调，“进一步健全全面从严治党体系，使全面从严治党各项工作更好体现时代性、把握规律性、富于创造性”。新时代十年，我们党不断深化对自我革命规律的认识，不断推进党的建设理论创新、实践创新、制度创新，初步构建起全面从严治党体系。习近平总书记的这一重要论述，突出强调了健全全面从严治党体系在深化全面从严治党战略、把党的伟大自我革命进行到底中的重大作用，具有鲜明的政治意义。 马克思主义唯物辩证法告诉我们，要用普遍联系的、全面系统的、发展变化的观点观察事物，把握事物发展规律。对于我们这个成立100多年、执政70多年、拥有9600多万名党员、具有重大全球影响力的世界第一大执政党来说，在内有诸多大党独有难题需要破解，在外面临重大风险和严峻挑战，很多问题都是牵一发而动全身，只有“体系”层面聚焦用力，整体地而不是局部地、系统地而不是零碎地、持久地而不是短暂地、高标准地而不是一般化地推进全面从严治党，才能使我们党永葆先进性和纯洁性，引领中国特色社会主义巍巍巨轮劈波斩浪、一往无前。 全面从严治党体系是一个内涵丰富、功能完备、科学规范、运行高效的动态系统。它是国家治理体系的重要组成部分，自身也包含众多子系统，处于复杂的联系之中。在总体设计上，党的十九大提出新时代党的建设总要求，明确全面推进党的政治建设、思想建设、组织建设、作风建设、纪律建设，把制度建设贯穿其中，深入推进反腐败斗争的“5+2”任务布局，对党的建设框架体系进行重大改进和重塑，使之更加科学合理、运行有力。在体制机制上，健全总揽全局、协调各方的党的领导制度体系，建立党建工作责任制，形成党组织书记抓党建述职评议工作机制，有力推动管党治党责任落实到各个领域各个层级。在制度架构上，形成党章之下分为党的组织法规制度、党的领导法规制度、党的自身建设法规制度、党的监督保障法规制度的“1+4”党内法规制度体系，注重各方面法规协同耦合、衔接配套，强化制度执行力，发挥强大治理能力。在现实举措上，党的二十大提出坚持和加强党中央集中统一领导、坚持不懈用习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想凝心铸魂等七大方面要求，既系统全面，又突出重点。同时，作为动态系统，全面从严治党体系是随着党的建设理论创新、实践创新、制度创新而不断发展完善的。 构建全面从严治党体系，重点是健全“体系”。“体系”包含多个层面，但基础是制度。因此，首先要坚持制度治党、依规治党，做到有规必依、执规必严、违规必究，依靠党章党规党纪严肃处置党内出现的各种问题，同时着眼事业需要、实践发展，及时进行制度立改废释工作，最大限度地把党内法规体系的管党治党效能释放出来。要做到“三个更加突出”，即更加突出党的各方面建设有机衔接、联动集成、协同协调，更加突出体制机制的健全完善和法规制度的科学有效，更加突出运用治理的理念、系统的观念、辩证的思维管党治党建设党，力求使管党治党的理念思维、体制机制、法规制度、具体措施等统一起来，上下贯通、内外协调、相互促进，发挥出更加强大的合力。坚持内容上全涵盖、对象上全覆盖、责任上全链条、制度上全贯通，把“全面”的要求落实好，确保无遗漏、没缺口、不脱节。 “知之愈明，则行之愈笃；行之愈笃，则知之益明。”全面从严治党体系健不健全，现实问题是试金石、也是磨刀石。要把党内存在的顽瘴痼疾当成一面镜子，反照全面从严治党体系的不足，有针对性地加以改进，推动其更加成熟、更加定型。（冯舟） 大发平台地图 |
